Pyoderma is an itchy and uncomfortable skin issue that often appears more severe than it actually is. This condition, caused by naturally occurring bacteria, results in red pustules and crusty lesions on the skin. Dogs with pre-existing conditions affecting their skin, endocrine, or immune systems are especially susceptible. While mild cases may clear up on their own in a few weeks, more severe cases might need topical or oral antibiotics to fully resolve.

Since pyoderma can be linked to underlying conditions that weaken a dog’s immune system, a veterinary examination is advised. It shares similarities with impetigo, a bacterial skin infection in humans.

What Is Pyoderma?

Pyoderma is a widespread bacterial skin infection characterized by pus-filled bumps that develop into crusty lesions, typically found on areas with sparse hair or skin folds. It often signals an underlying health issue.

What Is Symptoms of Pyoderma in Dogs?

The signs of pyoderma are most noticeable on areas like the chin and abdomen, where a dog’s fur is thin. Watch for:

• Pustules (small, pus-filled bumps).
• Papules (small, raised bumps).
• Epidermal collarettes (circular lesions with crusting around the edges).
• Flaking skin.

The typical pustules and papules of pyoderma can burst—either from scratching or as part of the infection’s progression—leading to circular, crusty lesions. These lesions can be itchy, causing the dog to scratch the affected areas, which may result in additional redness, bleeding, and skin damage.

In cases of severe pyoderma, the dog might experience discomfort that could make it appear depressed, lethargic, and less interested in eating.

What Causes Pyoderma in Dogs?

The exact cause of pyoderma isn’t fully understood, as it only affects certain dogs despite the presence of bacteria that are naturally found on all dogs’ skin. Dogs with weakened immune systems, endocrine disorders, or skin damage that permits bacterial invasion are more prone to developing pyoderma. Additional factors that may heighten a dog’s risk include:

• Unsanitary living conditions (such as overcrowding and poor hygiene).
• Heavy flea infestation or mange.
• Food allergy.
• Thyroid disorders or other hormonal imbalances.

Certain breeds appear to be more prone to specific types of pyoderma, including Staffordshire Bull Terriers, Bulldogs, Boxers, Pekingese, Pugs, and Shar-Peis.

How Do Vets Diagnose Pyoderma in Dogs?

Your vet will perform a physical examination and skin cytology tests to check for bacterial, fungal, or mite infections. These tests will help diagnose pyoderma and distinguish it from other causes of skin inflammation.

After diagnosing pyoderma, additional testing should be conducted to identify any underlying conditions that may have contributed to the skin infection.

How to Treat Pyoderma?

Pyoderma is typically straightforward to treat. In some instances, it may clear up on its own or with just a medicated shampoo. If the condition appears stubborn, topical or oral antibiotics might be necessary. Maintaining clean and dry skin will also help accelerate the healing process.

Prognosis for Dogs with Pyoderma?

Pyoderma is typically not life-threatening and usually stays localized, rarely spreading or causing deeper skin infections. Dogs may have occasional flare-ups, but addressing any underlying allergies, immune system issues, or endocrine disorders can reduce the frequency and severity of these episodes.

Unlike impetigo in people, pyoderma is not directly contagious. The bacteria involved usually do not pose a problem for people or other animals with healthy skin and immune systems. However, it’s still advisable to practice good hygiene after handling a dog with pyoderma to prevent the spread of these bacteria.

How to Prevent Pyoderma?

Because the exact cause of pyoderma is not entirely understood, complete prevention is not possible. However, maintaining your dog’s coat in good condition and seeking regular veterinary care to manage any underlying health issues can help reduce the risk.